What is the normal range for urine specific gravity?

• A. 1.010 to 1.020
• B. Approximately 1.005 to 1.030
• C. 1.040 to 1.060
• D. 0.995 to 1.015

Answer: (B)

Urine specific gravity measures how concentrated the urine is, which depends on hydration status and the kidney’s ability to concentrate or dilute urine. The normal range in adults is about 1.005 to 1.030. This broad range accommodates the everyday variations you see with hydration, fluid intake, and concentration ability. Values at the lower end suggest more dilute urine (more hydration or impaired concentrating ability), while values at the higher end indicate more concentrated urine (dehydration or higher solute load). The range 1.005 to 1.030 best reflects typical physiology and lab expectations for a normal, healthy adult.